Coal middlings
This article examines the phenomenon commonly called coal middlings — the intermediate-sized, intermediate-quality fractions produced during coal mining and preparation. Coal middlings occupy a complex place between high-grade clean coal…
Coal concentrate
Coal concentrate is a processed form of coal produced by cleaning and concentrating raw coal to increase its energy content and reduce impurities. It plays a key role in modern…
La Francia Coal Mine – Colombia
La Francia Coal Mine, located in Colombia, is an example of the country’s medium- and large-scale **coal** operations that connect local geology, national economy and global energy markets. This article…
Low-phosphorus coal
Low-phosphorus coal occupies a special niche within the global coal complex: it is a grade of coal with unusually low concentrations of phosphorus, prized by industries that demand high-purity feedstocks.…
Refined coal
This article explores the concept of refined coal — what it is, how it differs from raw coal, where it is found and produced, and its economic, industrial and environmental…
De-watered coal
De-watered coal is not a distinct geological variety but a processed form of coal with significantly reduced water content. It plays a growing role wherever low-rank coals (high moisture, low…
Ultra-cleaned thermal coal
The term ultra-cleaned thermal coal refers to thermally graded coal that has undergone intensive beneficiation and cleaning processes to remove ash, sulfur, moisture and other impurities, producing a fuel with…
Chemical-grade coal
This article examines the specialised category commonly called chemical-grade coal — varieties of coal selected or processed for use as a raw material in chemical, metallurgical and high-value industrial applications.…
New Largo Mine – South Africa
The New Largo Mine, located in South Africa’s prolific coal-producing region, represents a modern example of the country’s long-standing reliance on coal as a cornerstone of energy and industrial activity.…
Kangala Coal Mine – South Africa
The Kangala Coal Mine is one of the many coal-producing operations in South Africa’s extensive coal belt. Located in the heart of Mpumalanga’s coal-rich basin, it contributes to the domestic…
