Zonnebloem Mine – South Africa
This article provides a comprehensive profile of the Zonnebloem Mine as part of South Africa’s coal mining landscape. Publicly available, mine-specific data for Zonnebloem are limited, but by placing the…
Underground-mine coal
Underground-mine coal — commonly referred to as coal extracted from deep seams below the earth’s surface — remains a cornerstone of global industry, energy systems and regional economies. This article…
Open-pit coal
This article examines open-pit coal — one of the most visible and economically significant forms of fossil-fuel extraction. It covers where this coal is found, how it is mined, the…
Qipanjing Coal Mine – China
The Qipanjing coal mining area, located in northern China, is a significant component of the country’s vast coal landscape. This article examines the mine’s location, geology, the types of coal…
Naryn Sukhait Coal Mine – Mongolia
The Naryn Sukhait coal deposit, located in the southern reaches of Mongolia near the Chinese border, is one of the country’s better-known coal sites and a significant element of the…
Mucanha-Vuzi Mine – Mozambique
The following article examines the Mucanha-Vuzi mining area within the broader coal-mining landscape of central Mozambique. It covers location and geology, the types of coal encountered, economic and industrial significance,…
Lignite briquettes
Lignite briquettes, a processed form of low-rank coal commonly called lignite or brown coal, play a distinctive role in regional energy systems and small-scale heating applications. This article explores where…









