Vitrinite-rich coking coal
Vitrinite-rich coking coal is a specialized category of coal that plays a central role in the production of metallurgical coke and, by extension, in global **steel** manufacture. Characterized by a…
Coal with high liptinite content
This article examines coals that are unusually rich in liptinite macerals — a group of organic constituents in coal that derive from spores, cuticles, resins and algal materials. Such coals…
Coal with high inertinite content
Coal characterized by a high content of inertinite macerals represents a distinct and economically important subset of the world’s coals. These coals carry a record of past environmental conditions, pose…
Coal with high vitrinite content
Coal with high vitrinite content represents a distinct and economically important category of coal whose physical and chemical characteristics influence its use across power generation, metallurgical processes, chemical conversion and…
Coal tar-rich coal
This article examines coal varieties that yield high volumes of coal tar — a historically and industrially important byproduct of coal processing. It covers geological characteristics, major producing regions, extraction…
Plastic coal
This article explores the phenomenon commonly called “plastic coal” — coal that exhibits a distinctive plasticity or caking behavior when heated — and the many technical, economic and environmental aspects…
Non-caking coal
Non-caking coal is a broad category of coals that do not soften, plasticize or fuse into a coherent, porous mass (coke) when heated in the absence of air. It is…
Low-caking coal
Low-caking coal is a specific category of coal defined by its limited tendency to soften, swell and fuse when heated in the absence of air. Unlike coking or strongly caking…
High-caking coal
High-caking coal is a specialized group of bituminous coals whose behaviour under heat makes them indispensable to the production of metallurgical coke and, by extension, modern steelmaking. This article explains…
Low-plasticity coal
This article explores the characteristics, geological occurrence, economic significance and industrial uses of low-plasticity coal. Low-plasticity coal is a distinct category in coal petrography and technological classification: it does not…
