Non-caking coal
Non-caking coal is a broad category of coals that do not soften, plasticize or fuse into a coherent, porous mass (coke) when heated in the absence of air. It is…
Low-caking coal
Low-caking coal is a specific category of coal defined by its limited tendency to soften, swell and fuse when heated in the absence of air. Unlike coking or strongly caking…
High-caking coal
High-caking coal is a specialized group of bituminous coals whose behaviour under heat makes them indispensable to the production of metallurgical coke and, by extension, modern steelmaking. This article explains…
Low-plasticity coal
This article explores the characteristics, geological occurrence, economic significance and industrial uses of low-plasticity coal. Low-plasticity coal is a distinct category in coal petrography and technological classification: it does not…
High-plasticity coal
High-plasticity coal is a specialized type of bituminous coal that plays a critical role in modern heavy industry, especially in the production of metallurgical coke used for iron and steelmaking.…
Non-swelling coal
This article examines the properties, distribution, economic importance and industrial uses of non-swelling coal — a category of coal defined by its limited tendency to cake or expand when heated.…
Low-swelling coal
This article explores the characteristics, occurrence, extraction, economic role and industrial uses of low-swelling coal. Low-swelling coals form an important segment of the global coal resource base. Although they are…
High-swelling coal
High-swelling coal — often referred to in industry as coking or caking coal with a high swelling index — plays a central role in traditional steel production and in several…
Medium-fluidity coking coal
This article examines medium-fluidity coking coal: its defining characteristics, geological occurrence, major producing regions, processing and quality parameters, economic role, industrial importance—especially in steelmaking—and contemporary trends affecting its market and…
Low-fluidity coking coal
Low-fluidity coking coal occupies a particular niche within the family of metallurgical coals. It does not flow or swell as much as high-fluidity coals during carbonization, yet it can be…
