Secondary coal
This article explores the phenomenon commonly referred to as secondary coal, examining what the term means in different contexts, where such coal occurs, how it is recovered or mined, and…
Coal with high inertinite content
Coal characterized by a high content of inertinite macerals represents a distinct and economically important subset of the world’s coals. These coals carry a record of past environmental conditions, pose…
Low-caking coal
Low-caking coal is a specific category of coal defined by its limited tendency to soften, swell and fuse when heated in the absence of air. Unlike coking or strongly caking…
Low-swelling coal
This article explores the characteristics, occurrence, extraction, economic role and industrial uses of low-swelling coal. Low-swelling coals form an important segment of the global coal resource base. Although they are…
Recycled coal fines fuel
This article examines the topic of recycled coal fines as a fuel: what they are, where they are found and recovered, how they are processed and used, their economic and…
Engineered coal fuel
This article examines engineered coal fuel as a category of processed and upgraded coal products used across power generation, industry and synthetic fuel production. It covers geological occurrence and mining…
Gasification-grade sub-bituminous coal
This article examines gasification-grade sub-bituminous coal: its geological characteristics, global distribution, mining and supply patterns, technical suitability for coal gasification and related processes, economic and market aspects, environmental considerations, and…
Gasification-grade bituminous coal
Gasification-grade bituminous coal is a specific class of coal valued for its suitability in conversion processes that produce synthesis gas (syngas) — a mixture primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen…
Coal for urea production
The use of coal as a feedstock for industrial chemical production — particularly for synthesizing ammonia and, subsequently, urea — is a major but often overlooked component of the global…
Coal for ammonia synthesis
This article explores the role of coal as a feedstock for industrial ammonia synthesis: where such coal is found, how it is mined and processed for chemical use, the technologies…
