Kostolac Mine – Serbia
The Kostolac mining and power complex is one of Serbia’s most important coal-producing areas and energy hubs. Located in the eastern part of the country near the town of Kostolac…
Kosovo B Coal Mine – Kosovo
The Kosovo B coal mine is one of the central elements of Kosovo’s energy system and industrial landscape. Located in the central Kosovo basin near the town of Obiliq (also…
Kosovo A Coal Mine – Kosovo
This article examines the coal mining site commonly associated with the Kosovo A complex in central Kosovo: the open-pit mining operations in the Kosovo Basin that have supplied lignite to…
Coal-to-liquid feedstock
This article examines coal as a feedstock for coal-to-liquid (CTL) processes: its geology, global occurrence, mining and supply, economic importance, statistics, industrial uses, environmental challenges and technological trends. Coal remains…
How Smart Grids Are Replacing Traditional Coal Power Systems
The story of Coal stretches back hundreds of millions of years, shaping landscapes and fueling civilizations. From its geological formation deep within the Earth’s crust to its pivotal role in…
How AI-Driven Monitoring Reduces Coal Emissions
The global energy landscape is at a crossroads, with traditional resources like coal facing pressure from cleaner alternatives. Despite its environmental challenges, coal remains a cornerstone for electricity generation in…
Banovici Coal Mine – Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Banovići coal mine, located in the northeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, is one of the country’s notable coal-producing sites. For decades it has served as a keystone of…
Low-BTU coal
This article examines the characteristics, occurrences, extraction, economic roles and industrial importance of low-calorific-value coal—commonly referred to as low-BTU coal. It presents geological and geographical contexts, outlines the technological and…









