Low-BTU coal
This article examines the characteristics, occurrences, extraction, economic roles and industrial importance of low-calorific-value coal—commonly referred to as low-BTU coal. It presents geological and geographical contexts, outlines the technological and…
The Future of Coal in the Global Hydrogen Economy
The enduring role of coal in global energy systems is at a crossroads as the world accelerates towards a low-carbon future. While renewable sources like wind and solar expand rapidly,…
The Environmental Footprint of Coal Shipping
The extraction and distribution of coal have shaped industrial progress for centuries, but the consequences of this reliance extend far beyond power generation. From the formation of colossal stockpiles at…
Hydrothermal carbonized coal
Hydrothermal carbonized coal (often referred to as hydrochar when produced from biomass, or as hydrothermally upgraded coal when applied to low-rank coals) is a product of a wet, moderate-temperature thermochemical…
Super-clean coal
Super-clean coal refers to coal that has been processed and treated to have very low levels of impurities and emissions-related constituents, or to naturally occurring high-grade coal that inherently contains…
High-rank coal
High-rank coal occupies a distinctive place among fossil fuels. Often associated with superior energy density, lower volatile content and a higher fixed carbon fraction, this class of coal plays specific…
Low-rank coal
Low-rank coals — commonly referred to as lignite and sub-bituminous coals — occupy an important but often misunderstood position in the global energy mix. Characterized by high moisture content, relatively…
Why Some Economies Can’t Quit Coal—Yet
The global discourse on coal has intensified as nations grapple with balancing economic growth and environmental stewardship. While many countries aspire to phase out carbon-intensive fuels, coal remains entrenched in…
F-grade coal
This article explores the characteristics, occurrence, production, economic role and industrial significance of what is commonly referred to as F-grade coal — a practical label used in some markets and…
High-moisture coal
High-moisture coal is a broad category of low-rank coals that contain a significantly higher share of water in their natural state than medium- and high-rank coals. These coals play an…
